1. Historical Review of Antibacterial Chemotherapy2. Antibiotics and Antibacterial Agents: Classifications and Structure-Activity Relationship3. Epidemiology of Resistance to Antibacterial Agents4. Development of an Antibiotic: Microbiology5. Penicillins6. Cephems for Parenteral Use7. Oral Cephalosporins8. Carbapenems9. Penems10. Monocyclic -Lactams11. -Lactam Prodrugs12. Peptidoglycan Synthesis Inhibitors13. -Lactamase Inhibitors14. -Lactamase Inhibitors under Research15. -Lactams and Derivatives16. Aminocyclitol Aminoglycosides17. Spectinomycin18. Macrolides19. Ketolides20. Streptogramins21. Lincosamines22. Oxazolidinones23. Fusidic Acid24. Tetracyclines25. Tetracyclines under Investigation26. Fluoroquinolones27. DNA Gyrase Inhibitors Other Than Fluoroquinolones28. Codrugs29. Coumarin Antibiotics: Novobiocin, Coumermycin, and Clorobiocin30. Peptide Antibiotics31. Glycopeptides and Lipoglycopeptides32. Ansamycins33. Phenicols34. 5-Nitroimidazoles35. Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors, Nitroheterocycles (Furans), and 8-Hydroxyquinolines36. Mupirocin37. Fosfomycin and Derivatives38. Orthosomycins39. Peptidyl Deformylase Inhibitors40. Helicobacter pyloriand Antibacterial Agents41. Microbial Efflux of Antibiotics and Inhibitors of Efflux Pumps42. Paldimycin43. Antituberculosis Agents44. Fluoroquinolones and Tuberculosis: a Review45. Antituberculosis Compounds under Investigation46. Antibacterial Treatment of Leprosy47. Primycin48. Benzonaphthyridones49. Agents against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus50. Mutilins51. In Pursuit of New Antibiotics52. Systemic Antifungal Agents53. Antifungal Targets and Research into Antifungal Agents54. Drug Interactions during Anti-Infective Treatments55. Antibiotic Treatments and the Intestinal Ecosystem56. Interaction between Antimicrobial Agents and the Oropharyngeal and Intestinal Normal Microflora57. Clinical Quality Assurance and the International Development of New Anti-Infective Agents