Sovereignty over Natural Resources: Balancing Rights and Duties

1. Introduction
2. The formative years (1945-1962)
3. Promoting economic development by the exercise of permanent sovereignty: the period after 1962
4. Permanent sovereignty, environmental protection and sustainable development
5. Permanent sovereignty over natural resources in territories under occupation or foreign administration
6. International investment law: from nationalism to pragmatism
7. The law of the sea: extension of control over marine resources
8. International environmental law: sovereignty versus the environment?
9. Rights and claims: seeking evidence of recognition in international law
10. Duties: the other side of the coin
11. Sovereignty over natural resources as a basis for sustainable development

This study analyzes the evolution of permanent sovereignty from a political claim to a principle of international law, and examines its significance for such controversial issues as peoples' rights, nationalization, and environmental politics. Dr. Schrijver argues that corollary rights available through permanent sovereignty must be seen alongside the corollary obligations they also entail. He thus identifies new directions sovereignty over natural resources has taken in an increasingly interdependent world.